Monday, August 24, 2009

Yellowwood Fingerboards

LAND AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE AMAZON

TERRITORIAL OF INDIGENOUS
I FIRST HUMAN FACTOR: THE INDIAN
When it comes to ordering, think first, that finally justice will be generally for the people involved and settled in the Amazon territory and in particular for indigenous peoples, peoples who up until today, are little known or known very wrong, therefore, without due recognition and participation of these actors in the land without consider the contributions of traditional knowledge for the benefit of research and science in the proper use of natural resources will always be excluded from development policies.

currently the leading cause of injustice lies at the unwise lotizada and land concessions, without prior consideration of the needs of indigenous peoples, marginalized from the development opportunities that often focuses only on large cities, where, rural people should be the real actors of economic growth.

One of the finest examples of sorting redeemable, was initiated by the communities of the Nanay basin, although this effort is fruitless, because nothing is sustainable, with documents that are only in paper, unfortunately, lack of vision of technical and political, have done much damage to these initiatives, how it serves to teach the right way, then when communities are condemned to oblivion, regardless of the economic potential that have for development?.

Although there is international law which states that indigenous peoples have the right to choose the formulas of their own development, the state instead of encouraging this transformation, the enterprise development community, developing energy alternatives and technologies middle sustainable use of natural resources, is giving impetus to dollar investments, only swell the pockets of big capitalists, avoiding responding to local initiatives, such as rural housing, which require smaller investment funds, among other alternatives Native folder Loreto.

Given these observations, we could start a macro regional zoning, properly ordering the region, in areas of exploitation for economic sectors and areas of nature reserves and buffer.

A notorious neglect is that to date there is no rural development policy, and communities have received attention only to their problems, for political, driven by obscure interests in many cases, misinterpreting the location, existence and meaning of ethnic cultures is therefore important that nothing is principal, but the development of these people, otherwise, only being condemned to a permanent social and economic decline.

II TABLES OF DIALOGUE TO ACTION
roundtables, exclusive and highly desirable for the personal interests of politicians and indigenous leaders, out of step with reality, the formula is nice summary for those at the bottom, do not seek solve the problems of Amazonian indigenous people, the proof is that to date, there is noticeable participation of indigenous peoples in general, unless he is winning, exclusive formula imposed by the Government, together with certain command group, which are not the exclusive representation of ALL, much less have demonstrated contributions to proposals for direct impact, understandable and applicable in the short term for the benefit of indigenous Amazonian peoples.

The solution to problems, to develop indigenous peoples, is in the dialogue, but, with the complete marginalization and neglect, the voice of the true representatives, problems are bound to be silenced in the future. The development must begin with the participation of communities in managing their own resources, before, to provide rural Internet, you must first listen, what are your top priorities, and before that, ads that have invested millions of dollars in roads and schools.

should also listen to the fishermen and gatherers before, encouraging private investment and oil Lotización, you must first listen and serve farmers and artisans, that is, are marginalized, without a hearing, although do pseudo leaders and knowledgeable of the issues, unresolved to date, the many priorities, made to the Chair of the Council of Ministers, in separate memorial and reminder letters, all thanks marginalization and lack of those who believe and are gaining political benefits, regardless of serious injury caused to the Amazon causes, these ministers and regional authorities, if conducive to the marginalization and exclusion of indigenous Amazonian peoples.


RECOMMENDATIONS:

1. Install the negotiating table, with Indigenous Peoples in the Loreto region, and that is the largest indigenous population concentrated indigenous democratizing access, unlike the one installed in the city of Lima that is inaccessible.
2. Designing, indigenous representation in more than two organizations, such as AIDESEP CONAP and avoiding the marginalization of other ethnic groups not represented in these organizations, the officers of Dialogue in Lima.
3. The Government should promote constructive dialogue and inclusive of all ethnic and Amazon basins, in Dialogues in Loreto.
4. Working as part of a rural development policy, with emphasis on Indigenous Peoples.
5. Address the most urgent demands of indigenous peoples, sent to the PCM in two memorials, no solution or response to date.
6. Thought of as fundamental, the Rural Housing program for indigenous peoples through bonds of family room or another.
7. Give priority to the implementation of renewable energy and environmental sanitation in indigenous peoples.

Sunday, August 23, 2009

Cover Letters For Clothing Stores





I created a documentation library with reference books available in public places such as museums, universities, associations, sribd.com, google.com, ...

are reference books, scanned and posted to the documentation of fans and professionals.

books not just Bettas, although there is plenty of related material.

The library's books are ichthyology, taxonomy, disease, care, maintenance, general zoology, aquaculture, introductory guides, freshwater, marine, fish guides, classical authors, Charles Tate Regan, E. Lorenz Konrad, Smith, Tan, NG, Kottelat, Ghünter, Herrer, Darwin, ...

I hope this small contribution will serve to many colleagues for their studies or their curiosity SATISFACTION.

I'll update the content as they arrive more books by this entry will notify blog.

Be patient, are about one hundred documents and I go riding the library, as well as upload files to hosting an orderly manner, so open it with just over 50 to continue to update as the rise. Salu2



Authors classics and interest ichthyologic

Charles Tate Regan


-The Antarctic fishes of the Scottish National Expedition Atanrtic Open

-British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910 Open

-British Freshwater Fishes Open

-Guide to the British Freshwater Exhibited in the department of zoology, British Museum (Natural History) Open

-British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition, 1910, Larval and post-larval Fishes Open

-A Monograph of the Fishes of the Family Loricariidae Open

- The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition of the Indian Ocean, 1905 Open

-The Nile (Henri J. Dumont) Abrir

-An account of the fishes found in the river Gangesh and its branches (Francis Hailton) Abrir


Dr Albert Günther


-Catalogue of the Acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the british collection. Vol I Abrir

-Catalogue of the Acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the british collection. Vol II Abrir

Charles Darwin


-trip around the world a naturist Open

-Darwins Fishes, an encyclopedia of Ichtiology, ecology and evolution (by Daniel Pauly) Open


E. Lorenz Konrad


"The ring of King Solomon (talk to the animals, fish and birds) Open

- Quotations Open


books on diseases and basic care


Diseases


-Bacterial fish pathogens (Austin & Dawn Brian Austin ) Open


Care and maintenance

-Caring for your ornamental fish in a healthy way Open

-Aquarium setup and maintainence (Dr Ruth Francis Floyd, Dr Allen Rigs & Dr Roy Yanong, University of Florida) Open

-Freshwater aquariums for dummies (Maddy Hargrove & Mic Hargrove) Open


Power Books -nutrition

-Principles of nutrition applied to fish farming Open

ornamental fish-feeding as an example of nature Open


Guides fish Books and aquaculture


Guide-The complete aquarium Open

-Peru 's Ornamental Fish Open

-Aquarium One corner of living nature into your home Open

Brief -illustrated sheet of ornamental fish (Department of Fisheries Biology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka) Open

-Migration of freshwater fishes (Martyn C. Lucas, Etienne Baras, Timothy J. Thom, Annie Duncan, Ondrej Slavik) Open

-Fishes of the World (Joseph S. Nelson) Open


Mekong River Commission


-Mekong Development Series No. 1 Open

-Mekong Development Series No. 3 Open

-Mekong Development Series No. 4 Open

-Mekong Fisheries Management Recommendation No. 1 Open

-Mekong Fisheries Management Recommendation No. 2 Open

-Mekong Fisheries Management Recommendation No. 3 Open

-Mekong Fisheries Management Recommendation No. 4 Open

-Mekong Fisheries Management Recommendation No. 5 Open

-Mekong Fisheries Management Recommendation No. 6 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 1 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 2 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 3 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 4 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 5 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 6 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 7 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 8 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 9 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 10 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 11 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 12 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 13 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 14 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 15 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 16 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 17 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 18 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 19 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 20 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 21 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 22 Open

-MRC Technical Paper No. 23 Open

-An introduction to the Mekong Fisheries of Thailand Open

-First contact in the Greater Mekong Open

-MRC Paper No. 18, Surveys of native freshwater fishes in Surin province, Thailand Open





LITTL3

Tuesday, August 18, 2009

Mcdonalds Candied Walnuts

Bettas Preparing a book

wenas

To finish went on with this world, I'm taking up a challenge that I have long round head, a book of Bettas. Starting Out and I visit museums, databases, associations and academies related to ichthyology, in view of the documentation required to shape the said book.

The future of this project is uncertain at the number of questions that occur to me, but they are questions to which I am finding answer, so I have decided to start over once and for all this project. I want to start with the basics, to follow a progression to farming and its intricacies, and obviously, I will genetics in many ways related, but try not deeper than necessary, for several reasons, among them not to sleep on the floor most readers, it closer to most fans and reserve the option to deepen genetics in a possible continuation, conditioned by the outcome of this project.

If you have any suggestions or is there somewhere that will resist you, try to help you and will point to deepen in the book, in order to help other students with a content close to the real problems of the amateur.



I put a list of major issues which I will address the book to facilitate questions:

-taxonomy

-care-maintenance-

-feeding behavior and reproduction

-genetic (glossary, tables of genes, punnet pictures and some data related to start breeding )

-disease-breeding


salu2


LITTL3

Saturday, August 15, 2009

Flu Vaccine With Autoimmune Disease

Correction wing cross table

This article is an original correction translated by Sergio Ibanez, "Sergio" forum Territoriobetta the deceased partner and Bettas Argentino breeder, instead of create an entirely new one as dictated by logic or edit an existing one, since it involves a job outside, halfway between the two, I'll create an article to correct the widespread errors in content but will include the data from the same crossing on the fins and expected results (how to get certain features).

There is a new correction table crosses, correcting errors in this post, available here


order not to make a simple, clear and edit each paragraph will organize groups from 0, Finally, add the data on crosses made by Article translated by Sergio partner.





First group This group should fitted Betta species, as is, without variation added by selective breeding or hybrids between species of Bettas: The original
translated by the partner, appear in this group the following varieties and species:

Veil Tail (single tail) Double Veil tail tail

crowntail
Plakat

This is an elementary mistake, because in this group can only ever fitted species and varieties of species or hybrids fins or isolated morphological features.

This group includes all species of Betta, which is listed Plakat Betta, Betta macrostoma, Imbellis Betta, Betta Rubra, Albimarginata Betta, Betta Mahachai, ... (Among the most famous of what we call "wild") and the Betta splendens.

However, for species Betta splendens as the meaning is equivalent taxonomic Simple Veil Tail finns Long tail (tail veil, simple and long-finned tail), were excluded from this group, the double tail Veil Tail varieties (as shown in Article translated) crowntail (because it is a simple byproduct of the veil tail finns long tail, like the rest of fins splendens varieties as we know (they are the product of selective breeding by humans).

This does not excludes members of the Second Group of the species Betta splendens, on the contrary, the difference in varieties calsificar fins than the tail veil simple finns long tail (Vt St Lf). Second group



Here it is necessary to differentiate the varieties obtained by crosses between individuals of the same species, where all the work of collection focuses on varieties of fins in Betta splendens, because today has not been produced varieties of fins other than the original wild species without hybridizing with another species of Bettas. Therefore we are veil tail variations and changes in its variations:

-veil tail long tail double-veil finns

simple tail short tail finns

double-veil tail short tail finns
-crowntail


-crowtail double tail

-crowntail simple tail multiple (2r) rays

-crowntail double tail multiple (2r) rays

-crowntail simple tail multiple (4r) rays

-crowntail double tail multiple (4r) rays

-combtail

-combtail double tail

-combtail simple tail multiple (2r) rays

-combtail double tail multiple (2r) rays

-combtail simple tail multiple (4r) rays

-combtail double tail multiple (4r) rays

-delta tail simple tail

-delta tail double tail

-superdelta tail simple tail

-super delta tail double tail

-halfmoon simple tail

-halfmoon double tail

-overhalfmoon tail circle shape simple tail

-overhalfmoon tail circle shape double tail

-overhalfmoon tail oval shape simple tail

-overhalfmoon tail oval shape double tail

-rose tail simple tail

-rose tail double tail

-round tail simple tail

-round tail double tail

-halfsun simple tail simple rays

-halfsun double tail simple rays

-halfsun simple tail double rays (2r)

-halfsun simple tail double rays (4r)

-halfsun double tail double rays (2r)

-halfsun double tail double rays (4r)

Clarify
could be subdivided into many groups according to the order of appearance of each of the varieties and their origin, but that is too big. Third group



This point, in the original article I try to correct, wrong focus from my point of view. In the original, introduces the third group and the one that grouped the varieties obtained from a cross between copies of the First and Second Group, is ambiguous and confusing to distinguish between species and varieties to then mix the concepts by introducing crossings that give rise to each variety of fins. Therefore, the third group should be relegated to the hybrid species, ie the cross product Bettas different species, excluding the same group of varieties splendens wing (as they are the product of crossing with other species of Bettas and superdelta article fits tails, tails halfsun, halfmoon tails in the same group that hybrids , with all varieties of fins in Betta splendens species.

therefore relegated to this group only hybrids:

-halfmoon-Plakat (Betta splendens Halfmoon Plakat Betta tail x)

-Sunshine (Betta splendens crowntail x Betta Plakat)

-Line Dragon * (these lines are light and not fins, but are the product of hirbidación, Mahachai Betta Betta splendens x)

As a final note, to continue shedding light on this issue, we should understand that if we start from pure specimens (where the wild) or established (in the case of fin splendens varieties and hybrids), we are doing the work vain if we want to lead groups or cross table. Table

variety development (taken from the original article)

-Double Veil tail * tail = tail Delta / Round tail-Delta

Veil tail * tail = tail Spawn intermediary between the two varieties

-Super Delta Double tail tail + Hm = Halfmoom (if the gene carries SDET give Hm, just as the DT)

Halfmoom + Veil-tail = result Dara deltas and deltas
few Super-Deltas.En
future generations by selective breeding could correctly obtain the purification of gene Hms.Pero take several generations

-Veil tail + crowntail = Combtail (tail saw) all depend dela purity Ct.Con finage the passage of generations will be able to achieve Ct, once arrived in Ct, Ct we cross a crossing out of the WBS to set aright the spokes and the symmetry of the fins, since the gene in Vt the offspring will make the spokes curve.

-Combtail (gene Vt) + tail = veils Veil (veil of the parent gene and the genes of the new parent) (provided the tail Comb down Vt)

-Combtail + crowntail = crowntail (for CT gene of both)

-Comblatail + Combaltail = almost crowntail (CRT gene for both) or a very unlikely event you can go veils or the variety poseea the gene, or also Combal tail again.

Double-tail crowntail + Hm = Halfsun

-crowntail * Halfmoom = Halfsun (this result may appear in F1, or in subsequent generations by selective LACRI finaje correctamente.Tambien all depends of the Hm)

-crowntail + Delta tail = Ct would come out in an F3, but earlier development Det radial (Combtail)

-crowntail + Plakat = No evidence of this cross but would give a Plakat with offcuts and CT genes

-Plakat + Veil tail = Vt shortail or Spadetail or
Swordtail +
-Plakat Plakat Double Tail = would come out with Double tail genes and are manifested in the individual.

-Plakat Plakat + Halfmoom with open flow = 180 °

* As a final note, commenting that because of the controversy generated document between users with little experience in cross wing, it is necessary to indicate that these tables variants do not indicate "unique" for each proposed crossing, do not appear sufficient to note that rates of descent. These tables show how to obtain certain variants of fins or features, among others who will in these crossings and is not expected to be listed or to be undesirable traits.



LITTL3

Saturday, August 8, 2009

Do Ohio Licenses Have A Hologram

The Labyrinth of your Betta and aquarium cover

The creation of a moist environment for development over the maze, and the period in which we do are part of an item considered basic in the care of our Bettas and especially in the care of the fry, it is quite common to find partners in the aquarium forums to the tessitura of how to deal with the development of the labyrinth and how to prepare the tank for it.

To try to keep this issue always available (as far as possible), avoiding the infinite repetition of the steps (from contributors, moderators and active users, the main source of user support in trouble), then expose the details of all this stage, fundamental to the health of our Bettas (ignore the development of the labyrinth is to condemn your Bettas in a short life and agonizing death unworthy.)



1. Material for the development of the maze facing


The material listed may be varied depending on preferences that do not undermine the effectiveness of the item in question and their performance in the method, ie, we can switch a 75w heater for 1 50w if the volume of water in the tank allows us to do so without losing the desire to maintain temperature, or cover material can be used in Depending on the availability or cost of it, ...

Aquarium: Volume recommended, 20 to 60 liters (depending on the number of fingerlings) Recommended material: double glazing (the best material to look inside, harbor plus temperature and humidity outside) recommended Location: Over 1 meter high, always under our eyes.

Heater: Recommended Power: 75Watios (applied to the recommended aquarium volume), type preferred anti-shock heating, costs double, they look like a cable box, better technical and technological level, which accidents do not open before a blow inside the aquarium or fall (which means a longer life for the device and greater profitability) recommended location: vertical or diagonal.

Filtering filtering will not use, save or sponge prefilters based on the same principle, avoiding water pumps start sucks.

Thermometer: Use thermometers as accurate as possible, preferably by digital probe provided, followed by internal glass thermometers.

Top: Size: You must cover the entire surface of the aquarium and on at least a few millimeters on each side; Material: Preference for materials insulation (cork, polyurethane, ...), followed by double glazing.

Plants: Preferably plants that meet 3 criteria weight: endure several weeks in low light (in the case of not using transparent material for the lid, the light will enter through the sides) and average temperatures of 30 º C (for about weeks), are loose floating or submerged in the aquarium, keep emerging (land can be used as Potos) and, as a third condition, be sewage or water oxygen.

Partners: at this stage can and should be made compatible partners with the likes of our Bettas (at this stage the danger of conflicts generated is 0), taking into account water quality reasons, and avoid introducing any fish (Bettas fry even with difference in size) and can use shells to clean up solid waste (use Planorbis, not apples, they are still vulnerable to being trapped by an apple while resting) and invertebrates with filtering capabilities (particularly Daphnia a hundred jobs, it works pretty well the filter system "natural" created by the whole-plant-Daphnia Planorbis).

Water: Quality recommended and change of water: Water must be new, using the size at which juveniles should be at the stage we are concerned, it must be a transfer aquarium where they were born to one where developing labyrinth (or alternatively, a temporary transfer to a total water change), thus in a position to offer water to meet the 3-week duration of this stage; Recommended values: Water preferably soft (3 to 6, GH), being able to harden (to 16 GH), acidity of water, preferably neutral or slightly acidic (pH 6.5-7.5 °), NO2 and NO3 to 0 (note that in these tanks no filtration (sponge filter is excluded from this classification, it is only a pre-filter that traps solid waste) or colony of bacteria (either because we have not even substrate), at least should not if any to take the starting conditions for indirect reasons); temperature preferably between 28 and 30 º C.

Food: Food choice is essential for the proper balance during this time. Type of food: Food vivo; Tomas daily, from 3 to 6 times daily; Number of shots: should never have to be a while hunting and have food to spare.

say that there are doubts on whether the feeding process may be hard to remove the lid to feed them. To feed them if they cause a sudden change of environment, quietly climbed the side of the lid, without lifting the entire hood and fed normally. Once the food, cover good and ready.

2. previous

The development of the labyrinth is a delicate process, affects 100% of the labyrinthine health (especially in the Bettas in the way of keeping them in captivity), its role as a pillar in the body of these species with poor development of the labyrinth the consequences will be shared between different vital organs of the fish, a fact evidenced by the significant growth retardation, coming to be cases of dwarfism (due to health problems, not by genetic defects).

We are obliged to consider the dramatic difference between the "classic growth retardation (usually caused by poor nutrition, poor water quality, little exercise and / or low temperature) and growth retardation caused by problems in the maze.

For starters, the first (classic growth retardation) is recoverable in 90% of cases, while growth retardation due to complications in the maze is irretrievable past 35-45 days of life.

Secondly, the delay "classic" is solved by inverting the magnitude of the errors in time to act (good food, abundant and frequent, good quality water temperatures between 27 and 28 º C and regular exercise), in the case of delay not to complete the development of the labyrinth have a limited time, the more more difficult recovery and more possible the occurrence of sequelae or irreversible damage.

Finally, note that the mortality risk of stunting (classic) is very low, around 5% or less, no clutch, the mortality risk for not developing the labyrinth is a death sentence for 100% of those affected do not recover in time.

3. Step by step

Then I will list step by step how to prepare the development of the labyrinth of my Bettas:

1) At 14 days old, approximately the time comes facilitate the development of the labyrinth. The first step, providing fresh water, for this, soil use one of these 2 alternatives, to do it safely:

a) Prepare 1 aquarium with fresh water, the water under the same conditions as the fry aquarium (temperature, ph and gh (without chlorine)). Once we have prepared a whole set moved to the aquarium again, using a mesh or network.

b) Prepare 1 bucket with water under the same conditions as the Aquarium of the fry, move the start to the bucket and proceed to clean the tank of the fingerlings (total water change and clean thoroughly) once we have the aquarium of the fry are ready, make sure that water conditions are equal to the bucket, then move back to the start to the aquarium.

2) Ensuring good water quality, while developing the maze floor put some cuttings of pothos and Ricci, and at least a dozen snails Planorbis and hundreds of Daphnia. So, I maintain a good water quality, provide food possible and keep the clean background of solid waste (that if they continue rotting in the acuraio pollute more water). Daphnia have a dual function, filtering and food-generating potential.

3) To facilitate the creation of an ideal environment, water temperatures climb to 30 º C.

4) I put the lid of the aquarium, usually the use of cork to enhance the interior of the tank insulation from the external environment.

5) Finally isolate the environment within the aquarium of the external environment, cotton cloths placed over the top, turning the surplus into the tank (between the top and the top edge of the aquarium glass) and in this way, we avoid the loss of heat and humidity, but let them renew the air.





























6) If needed, we can use a piece of tape or insulation, to seal one side of the tank (usually the front, as the party will move to give them eating), avoid sealing around the aquarium or more than 2 sides with tape, it does not allow the passage of air and thus prevents air exchange in the aquarium.

7) The acid test is to see the drops of moisture on the glass of the aquarium, the part that emerges above the water, that is the indication that the environment is right for the development of the labyrinth.
















8) When feeding, fears out, lift the front a bit, introduce the food and close, making sure it is tightly closed to avoid losing environment created. LIFTING THE LID ON ONE SIDE DURING THE TIME OF FEEDING FRY (without removing the lid completely, JUST A LITTLE LIFT FROM THE FRONT) does not create havoc on the SET CREATED OR BREAK THE ENVIRONMENT, EXERCISE ONLY A SLIGHT DROP IN TEMPERATURE (tenths of a degree per minute).

9) At the 37-45 days of life, we proceed to undo the environment created for this act step by step with caution.

10) Turn the heater and remove.

11) Remove the towels and tape the lid of the aquarium.

12) few hours later, roll a little cover and leave a gap of several inches wide, we can lift the lid on the one hand a few inches instead of shoot. The idea is to facilitate the homogenization of the internal environment of the aquarium to the exterior.

13) The next day we can proceed to transfer them to larger tanks, making screens or as required, depending on the interests of each.



LITTL3

Monday, August 3, 2009

Campbells Cheddar Cheese Soup Smokies Recipies

giant catfish of the Amazon: Continued ...

GIANTS OF THE AMAZON: catfish

4. El Dorado (Brachyplatystoma flavicans). This catfish is the most appreciated for its excellent flavor, capturing the Nanay this sometimes appears to accompany the girls when they spawn, but little is known of his habit to migration and capture sites are generally located in areas San Pablo in Peru, when using large networks.


5. Peje Torres (Phractocephalus hemioliopterus). This large catfish are caught in largest rivers like the Napo and Marañon, appears throughout the Amazon, but in the Nanay is very small catch is the belief that eating them causes some allergies to some, but also is consumed by indigenous peoples and believe that eating their flesh their parrots they begin to change colors.


6. Zungaro Tigre (Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum). This catfish is almost as common as the maid, in a ratio of two to three, is abundant in the Amazon basin, in the Nanay are closely linked to the maidens, but are captured in the same river and times increasingly, is likely due to their migratory nature, and are larger for girls who can reach the metro and a half to two.


7. Vaseline (Goslinea platynema). This fish is little known, I have no information of his capture in the Nanay River, is typical of the Amazon tributaries.


8. Toa (Hemisorubim platyrhinchos). This species is common in the Amazon and its tributaries can be fished on the Nanay River basin, are the damsels smaller but abundant in deep water rivers.


9. Ucayalensis Ageneiosus loudmouth. This species belongs to the family of Ageneiosidae, are very numerous in the depths of rivers, are easily caught in the pools of the Nanay River Basin in the daytime, especially in the first and last hours of the day, are voracious carnivores but small size barely one kilogram.


10. Sorubim Shiripira file. There are several species and are found in all the tributaries of the Amazon, its size reaches 40 cms. and highly appreciated by the natives for its pleasant taste.


11. Ashara (Leiarius marmoratus). This species is found throughout Nanay basin, is often seen in the shallow parts of rivers in the ebb of the river, is very good to eat and plenty of fat, when consumed with the Indians in boiled cassava.

big catfish FUTURE OF THE AMAZON:

As you are driving to the kind of zungaro Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum with induced breeding in IIAP facilities, other species are also equally important for its originality and exoticism, are in small quantities but often are caught in the Amazon with large networks in their children's sizes are listed as ornamental but in larger size are used in marketing for human consumption, meat prized precisely by the emergence of fry girl with a simple, consisting of the union of egg and sperm of the species liquid in a container. According to calculations by researchers at the IIAP, a zúngaro depending on size can provide around half a million eggs, imagine what it could achieve the hatching and development to those half-million adults, the following calculations would also be amazing. Has achieved the artificial reproduction of the maiden Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum by hormonal induction using carp pituitary and ovudal (D-alanine 6). It was determined that female virgins are an average of 1 204 eggs per gram of eggs, and found that this species grows very well in its first larval stage (10 days) fed on zooplankton (Daphnia, CICLOPS, etc.).

Zungaro APPLICATIONS

Experimental Studies in the IIAP of zúngaro usable not only exquisite meat, you can also make shoes, handbags and leather straps of his skin. Given the scarcity of fish and the continued depletion of fisheries resources, management and breeding is an economic alternative zúngaro with multiple benefits: for example, can make products for export. With regard to its nesting areas, while no-fishing is allowed, the zúngaro can continue playing indefinitely as it has done for millennia. It is therefore essential to maintain the ban on commercial fishing during the spawning season decreed by the Regional Government of Loreto, since this species is highly vulnerable, especially in their natural reproductive period where they are easy to catch hundreds up to thousands.

RECOMMENDATIONS:

- Protect zúngaro by special closures,
- Carry out comprehensive studies in the wild,
- Perform management projects on a larger scale
- Encourage planting commercial fish farms,
- Prohibit traffic fry,
- Declaring the Great Book of the Amazon Catfish the area between the Native Community of Alvarado to the east of the Rio Nanay.
- Declare ban on capturing the species Phractocephalus hemioliopterus or commonly called Pez Torres.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

http://amazoniaperuana-iprodesa.blogspot.com/

http://www.camisea.com.pe/esp/download/Fotos% 20Inf% 20Final% 20Peces.pdf

http://www.iiap.org.pe/publicaciones/folias/folia12/folia% 2012% 20completa.pdf


* Board Member of the Institute for Alternative Social Development Programs.